Harbor Island National Wildlife Refuge

Harbor Island National Wildlife Refuge is a 695-acre wilderness island in Potagannissing Bay, just south of the Canadian border and north of Drummond Island. Established in 1983 when the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service acquired the island, the refuge protects a rich mosaic of marsh, sandy beach, and mature forest — balsam fir, white cedar, paper birch, sugar maple, and red oak. The gently rolling terrain rises to about 100 feet above lake level, offering varied habitat for an remarkable range of wildlife.

Wildlife & Birding

More than 120 bird species have been recorded here, making Harbor Island a notable stop on the North Huron Birding Trail. Expect ducks, herons, warblers, bald eagles, northern flickers, and more. White-tailed deer, ruffed grouse, and a variety of small mammals, reptiles, and amphibians round out the resident wildlife. Early morning and evening are the best times for viewing.

Recreation

There are no formal trails — exploring is a true back-to-nature experience. Bring good footwear and be prepared for uneven terrain. Sandy shorelines are ideal for relaxing or shoreline walks, and the open habitat makes for excellent birding and wildlife photography throughout the island.

Visitor Information

The island is accessible by private boat or kayak only, with public boat ramps available at DeTour Village and Drummond Island. The refuge is open sunrise to sunset, day-use only. No camping, fires, or motorized vehicles are permitted — Harbor Island is a boots-only refuge, preserved for wildlife and quiet human recreation.